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| Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) |
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Sexual transmission is a common route of spread shared by both HIV and STIs. This property of STIs may serve as one of the indicator to guess the risk for HIV spread in the community. Growing numbers of STIs outnumbers IDUs as the transmission source of HIV. STIs demand the need to address, how they are being transmitted in the society. PACPs have a key role of managing STIs, while NACP has the other important subject of coordinating these approaches.
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NACP is coordinating with World Health Organization (WHO), other national and international entities, for setting up STI surveillance and reporting system. This system will collect data from STI care providers for surveillance, including case counts and drug resistance pattern etc. |
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| RISK Factors for Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) |
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| a) Health Behavior-Determines Risk of Getting an STD |
Having many sexual partners
Changing sexual partners frequently
Having sex with casual partners or prostitutes
Some sexual practices such as anal sex
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| b) Health Behavior- which increases the risk of getting STDs |
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Delay in getting STD Treatment
Failure to bring in partners for treatment
Not taking full treatment
Not using condoms
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| c) Other factors. Such as social, demographic, economic factors influence sexual behavior thus increase risk
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| OBJECTIVES to achieve |
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| The objectives of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) Control Programmes are as follows : |
To interrupt the transmission of STD
To prevent the development of disease, complications and sequelae;
To reduce the risk of HIV infection
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| STRATEGIES |
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| Primary prevention activities are the same for HIV and other STD and include: |
Promotion of safer sexual behavior, including condom use
Provision of good quality condoms at affordable prices
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| Secondary prevention activities are: |
Promotion of health care seeking behavior directed particularly towards those at increased risk of acquiring STD, including HIV infection
Provision of accessible, acceptable and effective service, which offer diagnosis and treatment for both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with STD and their partners
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| Supporting components |
Training
Laboratory services
Drug supply
Research
Information, education and communication (IEC)
Monitoring/surveillance
Management structure
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